September 28, 2024

Pronoun A pronoun is a word that is used in place of a noun or noun phrase. Pronouns are used to avoid repeating the same noun over and over again. For example, instead of saying “John went to the store and John bought a book”, you can say “John went to the store and he bought a book”. Types of Pronouns There are many different types of pronouns, including: Personal pronouns Possessive pronouns Reflexive pronouns Demonstrative pronouns Interrogative pronouns Relative pronouns Reciprocal pronouns Indefinite pronouns Personal Pronouns Personal pronouns are used to refer to people or things. Examples: I you he she it we they me him her us them Possessive Pronouns Possessive pronouns are used to show ownership. Examples: mine yours his hers its ours theirs Reflexive Pronouns Reflexive pronouns are used when the subject and object of a verb are the same person or thing. Examples: myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves Demonstrative Pronouns Demonstrative pronouns are used to point to specific people or things. Examples: this that these those Interrogative Pronouns Interrogative pronouns are used to ask questions. Examples: who whom whose which what Relative Pronouns Relative pronouns are used to introduce relative clauses. Examples: who whom whose which that what Reciprocal Pronouns Reciprocal pronouns are used to show a mutual relationship between two or more people or things. Examples: each other one another Indefinite Pronouns Indefinite pronouns are used to refer to people or things in a general way. Examples: someone somebody something anyone anybody anything everyone everybody everything no one nobody nothing none all another any both each either few many most neither one other several some such Why Pronouns Are Important Pronouns are an important part of speech in English. They are used to avoid repetition and to make sentences more concise. Person Subjective Pronoun Objective Pronoun Possessive Adjective Possessive Pronoun Reflexive Pronoun 1st Person I me My mine myself 1st Person We us Our ours ourselves 2nd Person You you Your yours yourself 2nd Person You you Your yours yourselves 3rd Person It it Its its itself 3rd Person He him His his himself 3rd Person She her Her hers herself 3rd Person They them Their theirs themselves Relative Pronoun Who whom Whose whoever

Noun A noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea. Examples of nouns include dog, cat, house, car, book, teacher, student, happiness, and freedom. Nouns can be classified into different types, such as common nouns, proper nouns, concrete nouns, abstract nouns, countable nouns, and uncountable nouns. A common noun is a general name for a person, place, or thing. For example, city, boy, and dog are common nouns. A proper noun is a specific name for a person, place, or thing. Proper nouns are always capitalized. For example, Dhaka, Rahim, and Bangladesh are proper nouns. A concrete noun is a noun that can be perceived by the five senses. For example, table, chair, and house are concrete nouns. An abstract noun is a noun that cannot be perceived by the five senses. For example, happiness, freedom, and love are abstract nouns. A countable noun is a noun that can be counted. For example, books, boys, and cats are countable nouns. An uncountable noun is a noun that cannot be counted. For example, water, air, and money are uncountable nouns. Nouns can also be singular or plural. A singular noun refers to one person, place, or thing. For example, cat is a singular noun. A plural noun refers to more than one person, place, or thing. For example, cats is a plural noun. Nouns can be used in different ways in a sentence. They can be the subject of the sentence, the object of the verb, the object of a preposition, or the complement of a verb or adjective. The subject of the sentence is the person, place, or thing that is doing the action of the verb. For example, in the sentence, The cat sat on the mat, the subject of the sentence is cat. The object of the verb is the person, place, or thing that is receiving the action of the verb. For example, in the sentence The boy kicked the ball, the object of the verb is ball. The object of a preposition is the noun or pronoun that comes after a preposition. For example, in the sentence The book is on the table, the object of the preposition is table. The complement of a verb or adjective is the noun or pronoun that completes the meaning of the verb or adjective. For example, in the sentence The man is a teacher, the complement of the verb is teacher. Nouns are an important part of speech in English. They are used to name people, places, things, and ideas, and they can be used in many different ways in a sentence. let’s go through the Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) related to nouns along with their explanations, as presented in the reference text. MCQs on Nouns Which one of the following is the correct sentence? A. Shaon is the actress and singer. B. Shaon is both the actress and singer. C. Shaon is both an actress and a singer. D. Shaon is a actress and singer. Answer: C Explanation: When referring to multiple professions or roles, we use the indefinite article (‘a’ or ‘an’) before each noun. ‘Actress’ and ‘singer’ are distinct roles, so both require the article. Which of the following is correct? A. The Tajmahal is one of the wonders of the world. B. Sahara is in Africa. C. The Ganges flows down from the Himalayas. D. Bay of Bengal lies to the south of Bangladesh. Answer: A + C Explanation: A is correct because ‘The Taj Mahal’ is a specific monument, requiring the definite article ‘the’. Additionally, ‘one of the wonders’ is a standard phrase. B is incorrect because ‘Sahara’ is a proper noun (name of a desert) and doesn’t need an article. C is correct because ‘The Ganges’ and ‘The Himalayas’ are specific geographical entities, necessitating the definite article. D is incorrect because ‘Bay of Bengal’ is a proper noun and doesn’t require an article. ___ love is such ___ beautiful thing. A. no article, a B. a, no article C. the, a D. a, the Answer: A Explanation: ‘Love’ is an abstract noun typically used without an article in a general sense. ‘A beautiful thing’ is a standard phrase with the indefinite article ‘a’. Do you know the name of ___ artist who painted this portrait? A. a B. no article C. an D. the Answer: D Explanation: The definite article ‘the’ is used here because the artist is specific – the one who painted the portrait in question. One of Akbar’s most vigorous opponents during his lifetime had been ___ outstanding scholar Sheikh Ahmed and, like Akbar, he was also venerated as ___ perfect man by his own disciples. A. the, the B. an, a C. an, the D. the, a Answer: B Explanation: ‘An outstanding scholar’ uses the indefinite article ‘an’ because it refers to one among many outstanding scholars. ‘A perfect man’ uses ‘a’ because it signifies one of many individuals considered perfect by his disciples. Which one of the following is the correct sentence? A. All that glitters is not to be gold. B. All that glitters is not gold. C. All that glitter is not gold. D. All that glitters are not gold. Answer: B Explanation: The correct proverb is “All that glitters is not gold.” ‘All that glitters’ is considered a singular subject, requiring a singular verb (‘is’). ‘Glitter’ is a verb, not a noun, so option C is incorrect. We have a lot of ____ to do in summer. A. many works B. much works C. a lot of work D. a lot of works Answer: C Explanation: ‘Work’ is an uncountable noun and cannot be pluralized. ‘Much’ is used with uncountable nouns, while ‘many’ is for countable nouns. ‘A lot of’ can be used with both countable and uncountable nouns. I saw a thirteen-____ old boy swimming in the river. A. years B. year C. years’ D. year’s Answer: B Explanation: When using a number to describe age, we use a

Part of Speech   A part of speech is a category of words that have similar grammatical properties. Words that are assigned to the same part of speech generally display similar syntactic behavior—they play similar roles within the grammatical structure of sentences—and sometimes similar morphology in that they undergo inflection for similar properties. In English, the main parts of speech are noun, pronoun, adjective, determiner, verb, adverb, preposition, conjunction, and interjection. Noun: A noun is a word that names something, such as a person, place, thing, or idea. Examples of nouns include dog, cat, house, car, book, teacher, student, happiness, and freedom. Pronoun: A pronoun is a word that is used in place of a noun or noun phrase. Examples of pronouns include he, she, it, they, we, you, me, him, her, us, and them. Adjective: An adjective is a word that describes or modifies a noun or pronoun. Examples of adjectives include happy, sad, big, small, old, new, blue, and green. Determiner: A determiner is a word that is used before a noun to specify which noun is being referred to, or to give information about the noun. Examples of determiners include a, an, the, this, that, these, those, my, your, his, her, its, our, and their. Verb: A verb is a word that describes an action, state, or occurrence. Examples of verbs include run, jump, eat, sleep, think, and feel. Adverb: An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb. Examples of adverbs include quickly, slowly, happily, sadly, very, and really. Preposition: A preposition is a word that shows the relationship between a noun or pronoun and another word in the sentence. Examples of prepositions include in, on, at, to, from, by, with, and about. Conjunction: A conjunction is a word that connects words, phrases, or clauses. Examples of conjunctions include and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet, because, and although. Interjection: An interjection is a word or phrase that expresses a strong emotion. Examples of interjections include wow, ouch, hooray, and oh no. Other speech parts are sometimes used in English, such as articles, numerals, and particles. However, the nine main parts of speech are the most important ones to learn. here are all the Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) related to Parts of Speech found within the reference text: Which one of the following is the correct sentence? A. Shaon is the actress and singer B. Shaon is both the actress and singer C. Shaon is both an actress and a singer D. Shaon is an actress and singer Answer: C Which of the following is correct? A. The Tajmahal is one of the wonders of the world B. Sahara is in Africa C. The Ganges flows down from the Himalayas D. Bay of Bengal lies to the south of Bangladesh Answer: A + C ___ love is such ___ beautiful thing. A. no article, a B. a, no article C. the, a D. a, the Answer: A Do you know the name of ___ artist who painted this portrait? A. a B. no article C. an D. the Answer: D One of Akbar’s most vigorous opponents during his lifetime had been ___ outstanding scholar Sheikh Ahmed and, like Akbar, he was also venerated as ___ perfect man by his own disciples. A. the, the B. an, a C. an, the D. the, a Answer: B Which one of the following is the correct sentence? A. All that glitters is not to be gold B. All that glitters is not gold C. All that glitter is not gold D. All that glitters are not gold Answer: B Which one of the following is the correct sentence? A. Shaon is the actress and singer B. Shaon is both the actress and singer C. Shaon is both an actress and a singer D. Shaon is a actress and singer Answer: C Which of the following is the correct English? A. These fruits are eatable but those are poisonous B. She was badly injured by my unkind words C. Mathematics requires reasonable thinking D. The chairman was gracious enough to give us a dinner Answer: D Which one is the correct sentence? A. He is comparatively better today B. He is good today than before C. He is better today D. He is best today than yesterday Answer: C Which one is the correct sentence? A. Why did they went there yesterday? B. Why had they went there yesterday? C. Why did they go there yesterday? D. Why they went there yesterday? Answer: C The incorrect sentence is — A. He prevailed over the enemy B. I was in want of food C. He has a zeal for public work D. The boy is sick for toys Answer: C Correct adjective of the word “Contempt” is A. Contempting B. Contemptible C. Comtemptable D. Contemptation Answer: B The correct sentence is A. I saw him and told everything B. You should no pride of your health C. I shall avail myself of the morning bus D. He took part in the feast and enjoyed Answer: C Complete the sentence by the appropriate word in the gap from the words given below. “Though Bangladesh is a riverine country, ____ it faces scarcity of flowing water.” A. yet B. but C. always D. occasionally Answer: A Which one of the following is the correct sentence? A. ‘Shaon’ is the actress and singer B. ‘Shaon’ is both the actress and singer C. ‘Shaon’ is both an actress and a singer D. ‘Shaon’ is a actress and singer Answer: C Which of the following sentence is correct? A. India is trying to eatch up with the advanced countries B. A drawing man catches up straw C. He cast about his shoes D. He is casting off for an opportunity Answer: A Which one of the following sentence is incorrect? A. The patient has died of cholera B. She was married with a rich man C. I hope he will succeed